Diseases Ticks Can Transmit to Cats

 

Ticks are small, blood-sucking parasites that attach themselves to animals, including cats. When ticks feed, they can pass on germs, viruses, and other harmful microscopic organisms that can make cats sick. Although cats are not as commonly affected by tick-borne diseases as dogs or humans, they are still at risk. The main diseases that ticks can transmit to cats include:

• Cytauxzoonosis

Cytauxzoonosis (often called “bobcat fever”) is one of the most serious tick-borne diseases in cats. It's caused by a tiny parasite called Cytauxzoon felis. The parasite is carried by ticks, especially the Lone Star tick, and can quickly make a cat very sick. Symptoms can include high fever, loss of appetite, extreme tiredness, pale or yellow gums, trouble breathing, and sometimes sudden death. This disease is most commonly found in the southeastern and south-central United States, but it is spreading to other regions.

• Haemobartonellosis (Feline Infectious Anemia)

Haemobartonellosis, or feline infectious anemia, is caused by bacteria known as Mycoplasma haemofelis and Mycoplasma haemominutum. Ticks and fleas both can pass these bacteria to cats. When infected, a cat’s red blood cells get destroyed, leading to anemia. Symptoms can include weakness, pale gums, loss of appetite, and sometimes jaundice. The disease can be especially dangerous for cats with weakened immune systems.

• Babesiosis

Babesiosis occurs when a tick passes a parasite called Babesia into a cat’s blood. This parasite invades and destroys red blood cells. Although rare in cats compared to dogs, it can still happen. Cats infected with babesiosis may develop fever, lethargy, pale gums, and anemia. In severe cases, it may be life-threatening if not recognized and treated.

• Ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichiosis is caused by bacteria in the genus Ehrlichia. While cats do not commonly get this disease, it's possible for ticks—especially those that have bitten other animals, like dogs—to spread it. Signs are non-specific and can include fever, reduced appetite, enlarged lymph nodes, and sometimes bleeding or eye problems.

• Tularemia ("Rabbit Fever")

Tularemia is a rare bacterial disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. Ticks become infected by feeding on wild rabbits or rodents and can then transmit it to cats. Cats may develop fever, swollen lymph nodes, mouth ulcers, and even organ failure. Tularemia can also spread from pets to people, so it's important to be careful.

 

Other Potential Risks of Tick Infestation in Cats

 

Ticks can cause problems for cats even aside from spreading disease:

• Heavy infestations can lead to blood loss and anemia, especially in kittens or frail pets.
• Ticks bite into the skin and can cause irritation, swelling, infection, or abscesses at the bite site.
• In rare cases, tick saliva can cause “tick paralysis”—a condition that affects the nerves and causes muscle weakness or paralysis. This is very rare in cats, but possible.

 

What to Watch For and How to Protect Your Cat

 

If your cat has been exposed to ticks and develops any signs like tiredness, fever, pale gums, loss of appetite, limping, or unexplained illness, see a veterinarian right away.

To protect your cat, use veterinarian-recommended tick prevention treatments, especially if your cat goes outdoors. Regularly check your cat’s fur and skin for ticks, especially around the neck, ears, head, and between the toes. If you find a tick, remove it promptly and safely using tweezers or a tick removal tool—never use your fingers. Wash your hands thoroughly afterward.

Indoors-only cats are at much lower risk, but ticks can still be brought in on shoes, clothing, or other pets, so regular checks are still wise, especially in tick-prone areas.

With prompt action and prevention, tick-borne diseases can be avoided or diagnosed early for the best chance of recovery.